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Ottawa 2025 LEPH conference resources

Below is a list of the references and resources I mentioned in my conference presentation. 

Police Car Lights_edited.jpg

Resource Links

Here are some links to the various resources and measures I mentioned:

The Psychosocial Index (PSI) can be found in this article

Piolanti, A., Offidani, E., Guidi, J., Gostoli, S., Fava, G. A., & Sonino, N. (2016). Use of the psychosocial index: A sensitive tool in research and practice. Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, 85(6), 337-345.

http://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/4e1c/dc0191afedae38e3dd9a6e6be570daeb7d15.pdf 

References

Allison, P., Tiesman, H. M., Wong, I. S., Bernzweig, D., James, L., James, S. M., Navarro, K. M., & Patterson, P. D. (2022). Working hours, sleep, and fatigue in the public safety sector: A scoping review of the research. American Journal of Industrial Medicine, 65(11), 878-897. https://doi.org/ 10.1002/ajim.23407


Anders, R., Willemin-Petignat, L., Rolli Salathé, C., Samson, A. C., & Putois, B. (2022). Profiling police forces against stress: risk and protective factors for post-traumatic stress disorder and burnout in police officers. International journal of environmental Research and Public Health, 19(15), 9218. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19159218


Angehrn, A., Teale Sapach, M. J. N., Ricciardelli, R., MacPhee, R. S., Anderson, G. S., & Carleton, R. N. (2020). Sleep quality and mental disorder symptoms among Canadian public safety personnel. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 17(8), 2708. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17082708


Arjmand, H.-A., O'Donnell, M. L., Sadler, N., Peck, T., & Varker, T. (2024). Prevention and treatment of mental health conditions in first responders: An umbrella review. Clinical Psychology: Science and Practice. Advance online publication. https://doi-org.csu.idm.oclc.org/10.1037/cps0000252


Back, C. Y., Hyun, D. S., Chang, S. J., & Jeung, D. Y. (2023). Trauma exposure and suicidal ideation among Korean male firefighters: Examining the moderating roles of organizational climate. Safety and Health at Work, 14(1), 71-77. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.shaw.2022.11.005


Baldwin, S., Bennell, C., Blaskovits, B., Brown, A., Jenkins, B., Lawrence, C., McGale, H., Semple, T., Andersen, J. P. (2022). A reasonable officer: Examining the relationships among stress, training, and performance in a highly realistic lethal force scenario. Frontiers in Psychology, 12(759132), 1-22. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2021.759132


Barnett, C., Anum, A., Acquah, B., & Dzokoto, V. (2021). Do police experience trauma during routine work? An analysis of work-related potentially traumatic events and expressed trauma in a sample of Ghanaian police officers. Police Practice and Research, 23(1), 80–94.  https://doi.org/10.1080/15614263.2021.1895777


Blalock, J. r., Black, R. A., Bourke, M. L., & Van Hasselt, V. B. (2024). Emergency communication operators: Findings from the national wellness survey for public safety personnel. Journal of Police and Criminal Psychology, 39(1), 34-43. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11896-023-09599-x


Carleton, R. N., Afifi, T. O., Turner, S., Taillieu, T., Duranceau, S., LeBouthillier, D. M., Sareen, J., Ricciardelli, R., MacPhee, R.S., Groll, D., Hozempa, K., Brunet, A., Weekes, J.R., Griffiths, C.T., Abrams, K.J., Jones, N.A., Beshai, S., Cramm, H.A., Dobson, K.S., Hatcher, S., Kane, T.M., Stewart, S.H., & Asmundson, G. J. (2018). Mental disorder symptoms among public safety personnel in Canada. The Canadian Journal of Psychiatry, 63(1), 54-64. https://doi.org/10.1177/0706743717723825


Carleton, R. N., Afifi, T. O., Taillieu, T., Turner, S., Mason, J. E., Ricciardelli, R., McCreary, D. R., Vaughan, A. D., Anderson, G. S., Krakauer, R. L., Donnelly, E. A., Camp, R. D., II, Groll, D., Cramm, H. A., MacPhee, R. S., & Griffiths, C. T. (2020). Assessing the Relative Impact of Diverse Stressors among Public Safety Personnel. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 17(4), 1234. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17041234


Carleton, R. N., Jamshidi, L., Nisbet, J., Shields, R. E., & Andrews, K. L. (2024). Mental health disorder symptoms among serving Royal Canadian Mounted Police. Police Practice and Research, 25(5), 543-563. https://doi.org/10.1080/15614263.2024.2318209


Casas, J. B., & Benuto, L. T. (2022). Work-related traumatic stress spillover in first responderfamilies: A systematic review of the literature. Psychological Trauma: Theory, Research, Practice, and Policy, 14(2), 209-217. https://doi.org/10.1037/tra0001086


Casas, J. B., & Kegel, A. (2023). Law enforcement mental health: A systematic review of qualitative research. Psychological Services, 21(4), 938-946. https://doi.org.csu.idm.oclc.org/10.1037/ser0000803


Chan, J. F., Di Nota, P. M., Planche, K., Borthakur, D., & Andersen, J. P. (2022). Associations between police lethal force errors, measures of diurnal and reactive cortisol, and mental health. Psychoneuroendocrinology, 142(105789), 1-8. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psyneuen.2022.105789


Cherry, N., Galarneau, J. M., Melnyk, A., & Patten, S. (2021). Prevalence of mental ill-health in a cohort of first responders attending the Fort McMurray fire. The Canadian Journal of Psychiatry, 66(8), 719-725. https://doi.org/10.1177/0706743720974824


Cogan, N., Craig, A., Milligan, L., McCluskey, R., Burns, T., Ptak, W., Kirk, A., Graf, C., Goodman, J., De Kock, J. (2024). ‘I’ve got no PPE to protect my mind’: Understanding the needs and experiences of first responders exposed to trauma in the workplace. European Journal of Psychotraumatology, 15(1), 1-17. https://doi.org/10.1080/20008066.2024.2395113


Craddock, T. B., & Telesco, G. (2022). Police stress and deleterious outcomes: Efforts towards improving police mental health. Journal of Police and Criminal Psychology, 37(1), 173-182. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11896-021-09488-1


Crane, M. F., Falon, S. L., Kho, M., Moss, A., & Adler, A. B. (2022). Developing resilience in first responders: Strategies for enhancing psychoeducational service delivery. Psychological Services, 19(S2), 17-27.  https://doi-org.csu.idm.oclc.org/10.1037/ser0000439


Cox, M., Norris, D., Cramm, H., Richmond, R., & Anderson, G. S. (2022). Public safety personnel family resilience: A narrative review. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 19(9), 1-29. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19095224


Di Nota, P. M., Scott, S. C., Huhta, J. M., Gustafsberg, H., & Andersen, J. P. (2024).  Physiological responses to organizational stressors among police managers. Applied Psychophysiology and Biofeedback, 49(1), 85-102. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10484-023-09613-2


Doyle, J. N., Campbell, M. A., & Gryshchuk, L. (2021). Occupational stress and anger: Mediating effects of resiliency in first responders. Journal of Police and Criminal Psychology, (36), 463-472. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11896-021-09429-y


Edgelow, M., Scholefield, E., McPherson, M., Mehta, S., & Ortlieb, A. (2022). A review of workplace mental health interventions and their implementation in public safety organizations. International Archives of Occupational and Environmental Health, 95(3), 645-664. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00420-021-01772-1


Fava, G. A., McEwen, B. S., Guidi, J., Gostoli, S., Offidani, E., & Sonino, N. (2019). Clinical characterization of allostatic overload. Psychoneuroendocrinology, 108, 94-101. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psyneuen.2019.05.028


Fava, G. A., Sonino, N., Lucente, M., & Guidi, J. (2023). Allostatic load in clinical practice. Clinical Psychological Science, 11(2), 345-356.

 
Fuller, E., Boland, G. M., & Salami, T. (2024). The impact of critical incidents, work stress, and organizational support on PTSD symptoms among law enforcement officers: A moderated moderation model. Police Practice and Research, 25(3), 308-323. https://doi-org.csu.idm.oclc.org/10.1080/15614263.2023.2231594


Fusar‐Poli, P., Correll, C. U., Arango, C., Berk, M., Patel, V., & Ioannidis, J. P. (2021). Preventive psychiatry: A blueprint for improving the mental health of young people. World Psychiatry, 20(2), 200-221. https://doi.org/10.1002/wps.20869


Galbraith, N., Boyda, D., McFeeters, D., & Galbraith, V. (2021). Patterns of occupational stress in police contact and dispatch personnel: Implications for physical and psychological health. International Archives of Occupational and Environmental Health, 94, 231-241. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00420-020-01562-1


Government of Canada. (2019). Supporting Canada’s public safety personnel: An action plan on post-traumatic stress injuries. Public Safety Canada. https://www.publicsafety.gc.ca/cnt/rsrcs/pblctns/2019-ctn-pln-ptsi/index-en.aspx


Government of Canada. (2024, September 16). Suicide in Canada.  Retrieved on January 18, 2025 https://www.canada.ca/en/public-health/services/suicide-prevention/suicide-canada.html


Guidi, J., Lucente, M., Sonino, N., & Fava, G. A. (2021). Allostatic load and its impact on health: A systematic review. Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, 90(1), 11-27. https://doi.org/10.1159/000510696


Igboanugo, S., & Mielke, J. G. (2023). The allostatic load model: A framework to understand the cumulative multi-system impact of work-related psychosocial stress exposure among firefighters. Health Psychology and Behavioral Medicine, 11(1), 1-20. https://doi.org/10.1080/21642850.2023.2255026


Janssens, K. M., van der Velden, P. G., Taris, R., & van Veldhoven, M. J. (2021). Resilience among police officers: A critical systematic review of used concepts, measures, and predictive values of resilience. Journal of Police and Criminal Psychology, 36, 24-40. 
https://doi.org/10.1007/s11896-018-9298-5


Jetelina, K. K., Molsberry, R. J., Gonzalez, J. R., Beauchamp, A. M., & Hall, T. (2020). Prevalence of mental illness and mental health care use among police officers. JAMA Network Open, 3(10), e2019658-e2019658. https://doi.org/10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2020.19658


Khoury, J. M., Jamshidi, L., Shields, R. E., Nisbet, J., Afifi, T. O., Fletcher, A. J., Stewart, S. H., Asmundson, G.J.G., Sauer-Zavala, S., Kratzig, G. P., Carleton, R. N. (2023). Putative risk and resiliency factors among Royal Canadian Mounted Police cadets. Frontiers in Psychology, 14, 1048573. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1048573


Khoshakhlagh, A. H., Al Sulaie, S., Yazdanirad, S., Orr, R. M., Dehdarirad, H., & Milajerdi, A. (2023). Global prevalence and associated factors of sleep disorders and poor sleep quality among firefighters: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Heliyon, 9(e13250), 1-16. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e13250


Korpela, S., & Nordquist, H. (2024). Impacts of post critical incident seminar on emergency service personnel: The critical incident–related experiences and psychological state. Scandinavian Journal of Psychology, 65(2), 240-251. https://doi.org/10.1111/sjop.12967


Lawrence, D. S., & Dockstader, J. (2024). Determinants of wellness program utilization among law enforcement personnel: A focus on psychological and physical health. Journal of Police and Criminal Psychology, 39, 743-758. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11896-024-09694-7.


Lentz, L., Smith-MacDonald, L., Malloy, D. C., Anderson, G. S., Beshai, S., Ricciardelli, R., Bremault-Phillips, S., & Carleton, R. N. (2022). A qualitative analysis of the mental health training and educational needs of firefighters, paramedics, and public safety communicators in Canada. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 19(12), 6972. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19126972


Loef, J., Vloet, L. C., Vierhoven, P. H., van der Schans, L., Neyman-Lubbers, Y., de Vries-de Winter, C., & Ebben, R. H. (2021). Starting ambulance care professionals and critical incidents: A qualitative study on experiences, consequences and coping strategies. BMC Emergency Medicine, 21, 1-10. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12873-021-00500-9


Mackay, L., Campbell, J. L., Darby, J., Pendergast, K., & Schofield, G. (2025). Associations between exposure to potentially psychologically traumatic events and mental ill health among New Zealand firefighters: A cross-sectional study. Comprehensive Psychiatry, 139, (152595), 1-10. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.comppsych.2025.152595


McEwen, B. S. (1998b). Protective and damaging effects of stress mediators. New England Journal of Medicine, 338(3), 171-179.


Meischke, H., Lu, D. W., Hatton, K., Seixas, N. S., Baker, M. G., & Monsey, L. (2024). Occupational factors associated with burnout among a sample of 9-1-1 public safety telecommunicators in Washington State. Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, 66(9), e392-e396. https://doi.org/10.1097/JOM.0000000000003162


Newell, C. J., Ricciardelli, R., Czarnuch, S. M., & Martin, K. (2022). Police staff and mental health: Barriers and recommendations for improving help-seeking. Police Practice and Research, 23(1), 111-124. https://doi-org.csu.idm.oclc.org/10.1080/15614263.2021.1979398


Nisbet, J., Andrews, K. L., Jamshidi, L., Shields, R. E., Afifi, T. O., & Carleton, R. N. (2025). Suicidal ideation, planning, and attempts among Royal Canadian Mounted Police (RCMP). Journal of Police and Criminal Psychology, 40, 55-67. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11896-024-09685-8


Ricciardelli, R., Czarnuch, S., Carleton, R. N., Gacek, J., & Shewmake, J. (2020a). Canadian public safety personnel and occupational stressors: How PSP interpret stressors on duty. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 17(13), 1-16. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17134736


Ricciardelli, R., Czarnuch, S., Afifi, T. O., Taillieu, T., & Carleton, R. N. (2020b). Public Safety Personnel’s interpretations of potentially traumatic events. Occupational Medicine, 70(3), 155-161. http://doi.org/10.1093/occmed/kqaa007


Ricciardelli, R., Easterbrook, B. & Turner, J. (2024). The continuum of moral harms: Correctional officers’ perspectives of prison and the influence on their wellness. Journal of Police and Criminal Psychology, 39, 845–856. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11896-024-09659-w


Rossouw, J. G., Herlofson, J., Geldenhuys, D. J., & Erieau, C. L. (2024). High Adversity Resilience Training (HART): Development for emergency responders and defence. Journal of Applied Neurosciences, 3(1), 1-14.


Soravia, L. M., Schwab, S., Walther, S., & Müller, T. (2021). Rescuers at risk: Posttraumatic stress symptoms among police officers, fire fighters, ambulance personnel, and emergency and psychiatric nurses. Frontiers in Psychiatry, 11(602064), 1-10. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyt.2020.602064


Teckchandani, T.A., Shields, R.E., Andrews, K.L., Maguire, K.Q., Jamshidi, L., Nisbet, J., Afifi, T.O., Lix, L.M., Stewart, S.H., Sauer-Zavala, S., Krakauer, R.L., Neary, J.P., Krätzig, G.P., & Carleton, R.N. (2024). Trouble with the curve: The 90–9-1 rule to measure volitional participation inequalities among Royal Canadian Mounted Police cadets during training. Frontiers in Psychiatry, (15), 1297953. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyt.2024.1297953


Wild, J. & Chang, T.E. (2022). Is it personal? The effect of personal vs. occupational trauma on 
PTSD symptom severity in emergency responders. Frontiers in Psychiatry, 13, 856895.  https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyt.2022.856895.

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